01 - Preheat oven to 425°F. Line a baking sheet with parchment paper or lightly grease it.
02 - In a large bowl, whisk together the flour, baking soda, salt, sugar, and caraway seeds until evenly distributed.
03 - Create a well in the center of the dry ingredients. Pour in the buttermilk and melted butter. Stir with a wooden spoon until the dough just comes together.
04 - Turn the dough onto a lightly floured surface. Knead gently for about 1 minute until smooth, being careful not to overwork.
05 - Shape the dough into a round loaf, approximately 7 inches in diameter. Place on the prepared baking sheet.
06 - Using a sharp knife, cut a deep X across the top of the loaf, about ½ inch deep.
07 - Bake for 35–40 minutes, or until the bread is golden brown and sounds hollow when tapped on the bottom.
08 - Brush the warm loaf with additional melted butter for a softer crust, if desired.
09 - Transfer to a wire rack and cool for at least 30 minutes before slicing to allow the crumb to set.